Java GSS-API and JSSE provide you with the same basic set of security features:
However, there are some key difference between the two. This document lists some of them to help you decide which might be more appropriate in your environment:
In the Java 2 Standard Edition, GSS-API contains support for Kerberos as a mandatory security mechanism. This means that if your desktop has Kerberos support, you can write Java GSS-API based applications that never prompt the user for a password.
At present JSSE does not support cipher suites to use Kerberos-based authentication. Support for such a cipher suite is dependent on its standarization in the TLS protocol at the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
JSSE supports a socket-based API. JSSE sockets extend the socket classes
found in java.net and JSSE socket factories extend the socket
factories found in javax.net. Thus, if your application is written
such that its security needs to be configured via a socket factory, then JSSE
might be more appropriate for you. JSSE sockets need to use some reliable
transport. Typically, implementations use TCP.
Java GSS-API, on the other hand, is a token-based API that relies on the application to do the communication. This means that the application can use TCP sockets, UDP datagrams, or any other channel that will allow it to transport Java GSS-API generated tokens. If your application has varying communication protocol needs, then Java GSS-API might be more appropriate for you. Java GSS-API can read and write its tokens using input and output streams. However, you will need to set up the streams yourself.
Java GSS-API allows the client to delegate its credentials to the server when using Kerberos. If your application will be deployed in a multi-tier environment where intermediaries need to impersonate clients when talking to backend layers, Java GSS-API might be more appropriate for you.
Because Java GSS-API is token-based, you can choose to selectively encrypt certain messages but not all. If your application needs to intersperse plaintext and ciphertext messages, Java GSS-API might be more appropriate for you.
JSSE provides an implementation of the TLS protocol defined in RFC 2246. Java GSS-API provides an implementation of the GSS-API framework defined in RFC 2853, as well as an implementation of the Kerberos Version 5 mechanism defined in RFC 1964. (On Microsoft Windows platforms, this may be known as SSPI with Kerberos.) Some servers such as HTTPS servers will require you to use TLS, in which case JSSE will be appropriate for you. Other servers such as LDAP servers using SASL might need GSS-API with Kerberos, in which case Java GSS-API will be appropriate for you.